Current Events

General Motors Co. will pay $900 million to settle a criminal probe by the U.S. Justice Department over the ignition switch flaw that has bogged down Chief Executive Officer Mary Barra in recalls and investigations since almost the start of her tenure.

The settlement is part of a deferred-prosecution agreement under which the U.S. will monitor some of the automaker’s safety policies and the company must cooperate with the government, federal prosecutors in New York said Thursday. GM was charged with conspiracy and wire fraud, claims that will be dismissed in three years if GM complies with the accord.

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For the first time, a widely used modern diabetes drug has been shown to reduce deaths from cardiovascular disease, a long-sought goal of treatment, researchers announced on Thursday.

In a clinical trial, the drug — Jardiance, sold jointly by Eli Lilly and Boehringer Ingelheim — reduced the overall risk of having a heart attack or stroke, or of dying from cardiovascular causes, by 14 percent. Looking only at cardiovascular deaths, the reduction was 38 percent.

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As the number of deaths linked to defective cars made by General Motors has steadily risen to 124, victims’ families have waited for the answer to a burning question: How will federal prosecutors hold the automaker accountable for its decade-long failure to disclose the defect?

On Thursday, they got their answer, and many were disappointed.

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WASHINGTON — The Food and Drug Administration halted the sale of four types of R. J. Reynolds cigarettes on Tuesday, saying the company failed to prove that they were not more harmful than products already on the market.

The agency ordered retailers who sell any of the cigarettes to stop immediately and to dispose of them within 30 days or face financial penalties or criminal prosecution.

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The cucumber Salmonella outbreak has grown to include 418 illnesses in 31 states.  At least 91 people have been hospitalized and two have died, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

The contaminated cucumbers have been recalled from retail locations. But before  September 3, these dark green cucumbers, called “slicer” or “American” cucumbers, which are  about 7 to 10 inches long, and about 1.75 to 2.5 inches in diameter, were sold in grocery stores in bulk bins with no individual packaging, labeling, or wrapping. Restaurants also served them.

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Amid rising concerns about superbug outbreaks linked to contaminated medical scopes, federal regulators are demanding more rigorous testing of the machines used to clean the devices — and cracking down on manufacturers that don’t meet government standards.

The steps are part of a Food and Drug Administration effort to ensure the effectiveness of Automated Endoscope Reprocessors, or AERs, which are akin to high-tech dishwashers used to clean medical scopes between uses. The measures focus specifically on checking the reprocessors’ efficacy in cleaning and disinfecting duodenoscopes, which have been found in some cases to spread antibiotic-resistant bacteria from patient to patient.

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Some of Wall Street’s biggest financial institutions -- including Goldman Sachs Group Inc., JPMorgan Chase & Co., Citigroup Inc. and HSBC Holdings Plc -- have agreed to a $1.87 billion settlement to resolve allegations they conspired to limit competition in the lucrative credit-default swaps market.

The banks reached an agreement in principle with a group of investors that includes the Los Angeles County Employees Retirement Association, Daniel Brockett, a lawyer for the group, told a judge in Manhattan federal court on Friday. The sides need seven to 10 more days to iron out some details, Brockett said.

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Ten major automakers pledged to equip all new cars with automatic emergency braking (AEB) and forward-collision warning systems over the next few years, according to a recent announcement from federal regulators.

Though there’s still no official timeline for the rollout, Audi, BMW, Toyota, Tesla, Volvo, Ford, General Motors, Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, and Volkswagen agreed to make collision-detecting sensors standard features in cars and trucks. It’s an effort to make crash-preventing technology more widely available to consumers. AEB systems are designed to diminish accidents – especially rear-end collisions – where drivers fail to apply the brakes in time to avoid crashes.

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A second death linked to a nationwide salmonella outbreak suspected to have been caused by tainted cucumbers has been reported.

A Texas woman died in late August, and salmonella was a "contributing factor," Carrier Williams, a spokeswoman for the state's Department of Health Services, said Wednesday. The woman reportedly had other health problems.

The death followed that of a 99-year-old San Diego woman, who succumbed on Aug. 17, according to California health officials.

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When Manish Undavia took delivery of the 2016 Audi A7 sedan — list price, about $71,000 — it came with technology rarely found in automobiles, even five years ago: collision avoidance systems, sensors to keep the car from drifting and, perhaps most baffling to Mr. Undavia, a head-up display.

“A what?” he asked the salesman.

Richard Cardenas, a salesman at Biener Audi on Long Island, turned on the car and showed Mr. Undavia how it worked. From the driver’s seat, the car’s speed — “0 mpg” — appeared about six feet beyond the dashboard, floating in space, visible only to Mr. Undavia.

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